{"id":105688,"date":"2007-11-21T17:28:01","date_gmt":"2007-11-21T15:28:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.17047165566933.sritis.lt\/index.php\/2007\/11\/21\/mazoji-kalbos-palepe-18\/"},"modified":"2007-11-21T17:28:01","modified_gmt":"2007-11-21T15:28:01","slug":"mazoji-kalbos-palepe-18","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.santaka.info\/index.php\/2007\/11\/21\/mazoji-kalbos-palepe-18\/","title":{"rendered":"Ma\u017eoji kalbos pal\u0117p\u0117"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>Elena SABALIAUSKIEN\u0116<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Neretai girdime: namas parsiduoda, \u017eodis ra\u0161osi, klausimas sprend\u017eiasi ir t. t. Kartais netgi matome: raktai randasi (\u017er. nuotrauk\u0105). Tai gana da\u017enai pasitaikanti klaida, kai vietoj paprast\u0173j\u0173 veiksma\u017eod\u017eio form\u0173 vartojamos sangr\u0105\u017ein\u0117s.<br \/>\n<br \/>Lietuvi\u0173 kalboje sangr\u0105\u017ein\u0117 forma vartojama \u0161iais atvejais: kai veiksm\u0105 sau ar su savimi atlieka pats veik\u0117jas (prausiasi, puo\u0161iasi, mank\u0161tinasi), kai rei\u0161kia dviej\u0173 ar keli\u0173 veik\u0117j\u0173 tarpusavio veiksm\u0105 (kalbasi, pykstasi, mu\u0161asi) ir savaiminiam veiksmui ar b\u016bsenai reik\u0161ti (atsidar\u0117 durys, laikai kei\u010diasi, nieko nesinori, visai nesimiega).<br \/>\n<br \/>Yra keletas sangr\u0105\u017eini\u0173 \u017eod\u017ei\u0173, kurie be sangr\u0105\u017eos dalel\u0117s nevartojami, b\u016btent: d\u017eiaugiasi, juokiasi, \u0161aiposi, r\u0105\u017eosi. Galima sakyti \u0161ypso ir \u0161ypsosi, pra\u0161om s\u0117sti ir s\u0117stis, belsti ir belstis.<br \/>\n<br \/>Sangr\u0105\u017einiai veiksma\u017eod\u017eiai nevartotini, kai veiksmas negali vykti savaime. Netaisyklingus posakius taisome \u0161itaip: namas parsiduoda (= parduodamas); butas i\u0161sinuomoja (= i\u0161nuomojamas); nosin\u0117 raid\u0117 ra\u0161osi (= ra\u0161oma); \u017eodis kir\u010diuojasi (= kir\u010diuojamas); garsas tariasi (= tariamas); klausimas sprend\u017eiasi (= sprend\u017eiamas) ir t. t.<br \/>\n<br \/>\u201eDid\u017ei\u0173j\u0173 kalbos klaid\u0173 s\u0105ra\u0161as\u201c (patvirtintas 1997 m. gruod\u017eio 18 d. nutarimu Nr. 68; \u017din., 1998, Nr. 18-445) apibr\u0117\u017eia ir \u012fvairi\u0173 form\u0173 vartojim\u0105. Jame nurodoma, jog veiksma\u017eod\u017ei\u0173 i\u0161nuomoti, numatyti, parduoti, ra\u0161yti (kir\u010diuoti, linksniuoti, tarti), skaityti, statyti, \u017ei\u016br\u0117ti ir pan. sangr\u0105\u017ein\u0117s formos nevartotinos neveikiamosios r\u016b\u0161ies reik\u0161me (jeigu veiksmas negali vykti savaime), pvz.: nusimato (= numatomas) oro at\u0161alimas; paveikslas gra\u017eiai \u017ei\u016brisi (= gra\u017eiai atrodo, gra\u017eu \u017ei\u016br\u0117ti); knyga \u012fdomiai skaitosi (= \u012fdomu skaityti) ir t. t.<br \/>\n<br \/>Sangr\u0105\u017ein\u0117 \u017eod\u017eio forma nevartojama kartu su \u012fvard\u017eio sav\u0119s formomis. Reikia rinktis tik sangr\u0105\u017ein\u012f veiksma\u017eod\u012f, pvz.: gerai save u\u017esirekomendavo \u2013 gerai u\u017esirekomendavo, \u012fpras\u010diau b\u016bt\u0173 gerai pasirod\u0117, padar\u0117 ger\u0105 \u012fsp\u016bd\u012f; prisira\u0161\u0117 sau vis\u0105 s\u0105siuvin\u012f taisykli\u0173 \u2013 prisira\u0161\u0117 vis\u0105 s\u0105siuvin\u012f taisykli\u0173; ie\u0161kosi sau \u017emonos \u2013 ie\u0161kosi \u017emonos.<br \/>\n<br \/>\u012e save nukreiptam veiksmui reik\u0161ti netinka ir nesangr\u0105\u017ein\u0117 forma su \u012fvard\u017eiais sav\u0119s, save: dalyviai pristat\u0117 save \u2013 dalyviai prisistat\u0117; m\u0117gsta save puo\u0161ti \u2013 m\u0117gsta puo\u0161tis.<br \/>\n<br \/>Kartais prid\u0117ti \u012fvard\u017eiai sau, su savimi, tarp sav\u0119s klaida nelaikomi, bet yra neb\u016btini, pvz.: nusira\u0161iau sau tvarkara\u0161t\u012f \u2013 nusira\u0161iau tvarkara\u0161t\u012f; jie tarp sav\u0119s pykstasi \u2013 jie pykstasi; pasiimsiu su savimi sk\u0117t\u012f \u2013 pasiimsiu sk\u0117t\u012f.<br \/>\n<br \/>\u0160iuo metu jau toleruojami pasakymai su veiksma\u017eod\u017eiais matosi, girdisi, pvz.: i\u0161 \u010dia toli matosi, kalbos girdisi ir pan. 1901 m. Jonas Jablonskis vietoj sangr\u0105\u017eini\u0173 form\u0173 matytis (matosi), gird\u0117tis (girdisi) teik\u0117 vartoti bendratis matyti, gird\u0117ti. V\u0117liau \u017eymusis kalbininkas j\u0173 jau netais\u0117. Nauj\u0173 \u201eKalbos patarim\u0173\u201c knygel\u0117je \u201eGramatin\u0117s formos ir j\u0173 vartojimas\u201c tiek sangr\u0105\u017ein\u0117, tiek nesangr\u0105\u017ein\u0117 \u0161i\u0173 veiksma\u017eod\u017ei\u0173 formos laikomos bendrin\u0117s kalbos normomis. Pirmenyb\u0117, \u017einoma, teikiama pagrindiniam normos variantui \u2013 nesangr\u0105\u017einei veiksma\u017eod\u017ei\u0173 matyti, gird\u0117ti, jausti formai.<br \/>\n<br \/>O dabar \u2013 apie veiksma\u017eod\u017eio rastis vartosen\u0105. \u0160is \u017eodis turi tokias reik\u0161mes: darytis, atsitikti, prad\u0117ti b\u016bti, rodytis. Pvz., po lietaus daug gryb\u0173 randasi; i\u0161 kur t\u0173 musi\u0173 tiek radosi; pagaliau ir jis radosi sveikas. Veiksma\u017eodis nevartojamas reik\u0161me b\u016bti. Taigi raktai ne randasi kur nors, o yra pas bud\u0117toj\u0105, grup\u0117je ar kur kitur.<br \/>\n<br \/>Vartosenoje dar da\u017enai pasitaiko neteiktin\u0173 vertini\u0173, kuriuos reik\u0117t\u0173 taisyti taip: kur randiesi (= esi); mes randam\u0117s (= esame) mieste; biblioteka randasi (= yra) gretimoje gatv\u0117je; direktorius randasi pas save (= yra savo kabinete); ligonis randasi sunkioje b\u016bkl\u0117je (= yra sunkios b\u016bkl\u0117s) ir t. t. Tokias rus\u0173 kalbos pavyzd\u017eiu pasidarytas nenormines formas b\u016btina taisyti.<br \/>\n<br \/>O u\u017e lango jau \u0161alvena, krenta pirmosios snaig\u0117s \u2013 \u017eiema randasi.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Elena SABALIAUSKIEN\u0116 Neretai girdime: namas parsiduoda, \u017eodis ra\u0161osi, klausimas sprend\u017eiasi ir t. t. Kartais netgi matome: raktai randasi (\u017er. nuotrauk\u0105). Tai gana da\u017enai pasitaikanti klaida, kai vietoj paprast\u0173j\u0173 veiksma\u017eod\u017eio form\u0173&#8230; <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":105689,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"pmpro_default_level":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_FSMCFIC_featured_image_caption":"Kristinos VAITKEVI\u010cIEN\u0116S nuotr. \/ ","_FSMCFIC_featured_image_nocaption":"","_FSMCFIC_featured_image_hide":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-105688","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized","pmpro-has-access"],"featured_image_urls":{"full":["https:\/\/www.santaka.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/20071121172801.jpg",280,420,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/www.santaka.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/20071121172801-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/www.santaka.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/20071121172801-200x300.jpg",200,300,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/www.santaka.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/20071121172801.jpg",280,420,false],"large":["https:\/\/www.santaka.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/20071121172801.jpg",280,420,false],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/www.santaka.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/20071121172801.jpg",280,420,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/www.santaka.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/20071121172801.jpg",280,420,false],"post-thumbnail":["https:\/\/www.santaka.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/20071121172801-280x400.jpg",280,400,true],"visualnews_post_thumb":["https:\/\/www.santaka.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/20071121172801-280x400.jpg",280,400,true],"woocommerce_thumbnail":["https:\/\/www.santaka.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/20071121172801-280x300.jpg",280,300,true],"woocommerce_single":["https:\/\/www.santaka.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/20071121172801.jpg",280,420,false],"woocommerce_gallery_thumbnail":["https:\/\/www.santaka.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/20071121172801-100x100.jpg",100,100,true]},"author_info":{"info":["admin"]},"category_info":"<a href=\"https:\/\/www.santaka.info\/index.php\/category\/uncategorized\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Be kategorijos<\/a>","tag_info":"Be kategorijos","comment_count":"0","jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/www.santaka.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/20071121172801.jpg","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.santaka.info\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/105688","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.santaka.info\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.santaka.info\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.santaka.info\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.santaka.info\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=105688"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.santaka.info\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/105688\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.santaka.info\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/105689"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.santaka.info\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=105688"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.santaka.info\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=105688"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.santaka.info\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=105688"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}